Calculating Federal Good Time Credit and Time to be Served on a Federal Prison Sentence

">guaranteed immediate placement. However, especially
There are four variables involved in calculating aon sentences of over 12 months, some halfway
federal prison sentence.house time can be expected. Halfway house time is
1.Good Time Credit-extremely rare on sentences of less than 6 months.
This is the time that the BOP gives back to inmates4.Time Already Served-
who follow the rules and stay out of trouble. UnderTime already served in custody awaiting sentencing
the Sentencing Guidelines it is equal to 15% of timeor during transport to the designated prison, must be
served. Anyone sentenced to 12 months or less willdeducted. This time is subtracted after the above
not qualify for any Good Time Credit. This is whycalculations have been made e.g. if sentence is 366
sentences of 12 months and 1 day are often handeddays and actual time to be served is 319 days and
down. It is the judge's way of showing sometime already served is 3 days, the 3 days would be
leniency.deducted from 319 not from 366.
Rather than just subtracting 15% from the sentence,The task of Calculating Good Time Credit to be
the BOP has chosen to employ some interesting logicawarded is probably the most confusing and difficult
in interpreting the meaning of 15%. This is explored inof the above four steps. This stems from the fact
further detail below. This common misunderstandingthat while the Sentencing Guidelines called for a well
means that subtracting 15% from the total sentencebehaved inmate to serve 85% of his sentence, the
duration will not result in an accurate calculation ofBOP chose to interpret this differently. Instead of
Good Time Credit to be awarded.simply subtracting 15% from the total sentence, the
2.Residential Drug Abuse Program (RDAP)-BOP decided to base the reduction on the time that
Those inmates who are placed in and successfullywould have been served under the system prior to
complete the BOP's Residential Drug Abuse Programthe Sentencing Guidelines and Good Time Credit.
can qualify for a sentence reduction of up to oneIn 1987 the Sentencing Commission's staff was
year. Placement is reserved for those who aretasked with the job of creating a baseline for the
deemed to have severe drug abuse problems.Sentencing Table upon which all federal sentences
3.Halfway House-would be graphed. They collected a large sample of
The BOP's uses halfway houses to integratesentences for a broad array of crimes and
offenders back into the community, before they aredetermined the actual time served as a baseline.
released. While no longer imprisoned, offenders in aWhen the sentence was more than 12 months, the
halfway house are subject to a plethora of rules andcommission divided by .85. In doing so, the sentences
regulations and are still under the jurisdiction of thein the Levels Table, which was used prior to Good
BOP.Time Credit, became comparable with those in the
An inmate is eligible for a halfway house with 10%new Guidelines.
remaining on their sentence or 6 months in the caseIn essence then, the BOP succeeded in adhering to
that 10% is greater than 6 months. Halfway housethe new Guidelines, while at the same time keeping
time is based on actual time served, not on the totalinmates incarcerated beyond the time that many
duration of the sentence. Once an inmate becomesadvocates insist was the intention of those very
eligible for a halfway house, he or she is in no wayGuidelines.