The Economy and Its Affect on America's Crime Rate - Past and Future

In the 1990s the crime rate in the U.S. droppedAftercare discovered that over 53% of those
dramatically in all significant categories, including violentindividuals who are currently incarcerated had an
crime and property crime. Some experts attributeaverage income of $10,000 or less[3]. Despite the
this drop to the strong economy that existedcontroversy that these studies have sparked, there
throughout most of the decade, when the per capitais little question in anyone's mind that a recessed
income increased by as much as 30% and theeconomy, accompanied by the dramatic rise in
unemployment rate dropped by 2%[1]. Theseunemployment and drop in per capita income that
numbers have pushed many experts in the field toaccompany the recession, will ultimately lead in an
speculate on the potential effects that today'sincrease in crime rate if proactive measures are not
recessed economy will have on the crime rate fortaken.
the foreseeable future.The economic stimulus plan that is going into effect
There is no doubt that a strong economyunder President Obama may offer a solution to the
encourages a lower crime rate, for many reasons.threatening increase in crime. Through his
While many experts could not directly attribute thedevelopment plan steps will be taken to provide for
drop in violent crime to the increase in economicthose living in poverty, including children and senior
strength seen in the 1990s, they did attribute it tocitizens, increasing federally funded health care
additional state funding for police departments andcoverage and tax cuts and creating a number of
crime prevention measures. The drop in propertyfederally funded jobs that are expected to have a
crime, specifically theft, was directly relational to thedramatic impact on the unemployment rate and begin
increase in economic prosperity[2]. The indications ofto repair the damage that the economic recession
this study show that when citizens have thehas wrought[4].
resources to provide for their needs they are lessOne can only hope that these steps will also serve to
likely to turn to crime as a way of providing forhead off any notable increase in crime rate as well.
themselves and their families, and those individuals[1] Levitt, S. (2004). Understanding why crime fell in
who are more likely to commit violent crimes arethe 1990s: Four factors that explain the decline and
often deterred or caught in the act through increasedsix that do not. Journal of Economic Perspectives,
intervention by law enforcement made possible byVol. 18.
sufficient financial resources.[2] Ibid
Studies have also shown that children who grow up[3] Williams, J. (2007). Poverty and crime. Retrieved 2
in homes whose annual income is at or below17/2009 from
poverty level are also more likely to engage in[4]Espo, D. (2009, February 14). Stimulus bill heads to
criminal activity as teens and adults, and a recentPresident's desk. The Free Lance Star, pp. A1, A9.
study done by the Christian Association for Prison