| Identifying the precise number of clinical negligence | | | | must establish a higher burden of proof in medical |
| claims raised each year in every country throughout | | | | malpractice or clinical negligence actions. |
| the world is by no means an easy task. | | | | The 0.6 per cent that is spent on clinical negligence |
| Understanding how such claims relate to the | | | | costs could also merely highlight just how significant |
| countries' respective health care systems is even | | | | the private sector expenditure on health care is in |
| more of a challenge. In fact, it is almost impossible to | | | | the US. Although the number of medical malpractice |
| accurately quantify in context the number and scope | | | | claims brought in the US has been on the decline for |
| of claims made throughout the world. | | | | the past two decades, the Journal of the American |
| There are many different reasons as to why one | | | | Medical Association (JAMA) recently published |
| country will experience lower or higher numbers of | | | | statistics that suggest around 225,000 patients die |
| claims that another and it is difficult to draw any | | | | every year in the US due to the negative effects of |
| concrete comparisons at the supranational level. | | | | medication, complications from hospital-acquired |
| Indeed, a relatively poor record of clinical negligence | | | | infections, unnecessary surgery or hospital errors. |
| in one country might suggest a heavily litigious | | | | Given the scale of the US and the maturity of its |
| society, whilst an extremely positive record of claims | | | | legal system, it is therefore reasonable to assume |
| in another may point to a legal system that does not | | | | that it will have one of the highest numbers of clinical |
| robustly defend the public interest. In short, the | | | | negligence cases globally. |
| number of these claims brought will naturally vary | | | | In the UK, the number of claims has risen modestly |
| from one country to the next, but the inevitable | | | | during recent years, despite the fact that |
| differences observed between nations is not usually | | | | compensation payouts have risen sharply. Such a |
| helpful in understanding how their health care and | | | | discrepancy further dilutes the benefits of looking at |
| legal systems interact. | | | | the number of claims made as a model of accurately |
| Rather than look at the specific number of clinical | | | | assessing a country's health care system. The largest |
| negligence claims brought in a given country, it is | | | | compensation payout awarded in 2009 was for |
| sometimes more revealing to examine the | | | | £7.6 million excluding legal costs. |
| percentage of total health care costs that can be | | | | Many clinical negligence cases involve substantially |
| attributed to clinical negligence compensation. In the | | | | higher legal costs than actual compensation awarded, |
| US, which is widely regarded as an extremely litigious | | | | which further distorts the statistics. In 2000, the |
| country, only 0.6 per cent of health care costs are | | | | World Health Organization (WHO) published a list of |
| spent on medical malpractice lawsuits - the lowest | | | | the best and worst countries for health care. France |
| figure since the early 1990's. The reduction in US | | | | headed the rankings, with Italy, San Marino, Andorra, |
| clinical negligence costs, however, does not | | | | Malta, Singapore, Spain, Oman, Austria and Japan filling |
| necessarily indicate that doctors have suddenly | | | | out the top ten. The UK was ranked 18th and the US |
| determined to perform their duties more carefully. In | | | | 37th. |
| fact, state level tort reform has meant that claimants | | | | |